Use the following terms to explain how specialization occurs: DNA, gene expression, differentiation

Specialization can be described as a process by which each cell of the body tends to specialize and perform a certain important function for the body.

Although, cells of the body might have a different structure and function, yet they all carry the same chromosomes and the same DNA. However, the expression of genes is what controls the functioning of each cell. The genes which might be expressed in one cell might be repressed in the other type of cell. Hence, this is the differentiation process which allows each cell to perform a unique function.