In an area with plants that have thick, small leaves or no true leaves at all, which of the following other conditions are most likely to exist as well?

It is near 30° latitude north or south or on the leeward side of a mountain range.

Moist air is rising over the area.

Night temperatures are much colder than daytime temperatures.

The soil has a thick layer of decomposed, nutrient-rich organic material.

There is an extremely high diversity of species in the area.

There is little rainfall and frequent fires regularly cut the vegetation to the ground.

A. 2 and 5

B. 1 and 3

C. 3 and 4

D. 4 and 6

The correct option is B.

The area described in the question given above is desert. Most plants in the desert either have small leaves or no leave at all, in order to regulate the amount of water that is lost to the atmosphere via evaporation of water from the leaves. Most deserts are found within the latitude 30 degree north and latitude 30 degree south. Some deserts can also be found around mountain. The temperate range in desert is quite wide. During the day, the temperature may be as high as 50 degree Celsius and the temperature may drop below zero degree Celsius in the night. Thus, it is always very cold at night compares to during the day.