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26 January, 08:58

If a dilute agno3 solution is slowly added to the solution, what is the first compound to precipitate: ag2cro4 (ksp = 1.2*10-12), ag2co3 (ksp = 8.1*10-12), or agcl (ksp = 1.8*10-10) ?

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  1. 26 January, 11:23
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    The question is missing the initial information required to answer but that information is provided below:

    "A solution contains three anions with the following concentrations, 0.20 M CrO₄²⁻, 0.10 M CO₃²⁻ and 0.01M Cl⁻."

    Ag₂CrO₄ Ksp = 1.2 x 10⁻¹²

    Ag₂CO₃ Ksp = 8.1 x 10⁻¹²

    AgCl Ksp = 1.8 x 10⁻¹⁰

    With the following information we can calculate the minimum amount of Ag⁺ needed to precipitate each solid.

    AgCl → Ag⁺ + Cl⁻

    Ksp = [Ag⁺][Cl⁻] = 1.8 x 10⁻¹⁰

    [Ag⁺] = 1.8 x 10⁻¹⁰ / 0.01 M

    [Ag⁺] = 1.8 x 10⁻⁸ M

    Ag₂CrO₄ → 2Ag⁺ + CrO₄²⁻

    Ksp = [Ag⁺]²[CrO₄²⁻] = 1.2 x 10⁻¹²

    [Ag⁺]² = 1.2 x 10⁻¹² / 0.20 M

    [Ag⁺] = √ (1.2 x 10⁻¹² / 0.20 M)

    [Ag⁺] = 2.4 x 10⁻⁶ M

    Ag₂CO₃ → 2Ag⁺ + CO₃²⁻

    Ksp = [Ag⁺]²[CO₃²⁻] = 8.1 x 10⁻¹²

    [Ag⁺]² = 8.1 x 10⁻¹² / 0.10 M

    [Ag⁺] = √ (8.1 x 10⁻¹² / 0. q0 M)

    [Ag⁺] = 9.0 x 10⁻⁶ M

    AgCl requires the minimum amount of [Ag⁺] to precipitate with a value of [Ag⁺] = 1.8 x 10⁻⁸ M

    Therefore, AgCl will precipitate first.
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