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29 May, 18:42

Which of the following selections completes the following nuclear reaction? A gamma ray plus 40 20 calcium becomes 39 20 calcium plus blank. A beta particle A neutron A positron An alpha particle Gamma radiation

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  1. 29 May, 21:35
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    The Neutron; ¹₀n

    Explanation:

    Let us have the equation;

    Gamma ray + 40 20 Calcium - --> 39 20 calcium + blank

    Rewriting our equation, we have;

    ⁰₀γ + ⁴⁰₂₀Ca → ³⁹₂₀Ca + A

    We are to calculate what A is.

    It is important to understand the following concepts;

    Mass Number = Total number of Protons + Neutrons in an atom. It is usually represented by the superscript after the atom.

    Atomic Number = Total number of Protons in an atom. It is usually represented by the subscript before the atom.

    Total mass number;

    Reactants = 0 + 40 = 40

    Products = 39 + x

    Total Atomic number;

    Reactants = 0 + 20 = 20

    Products = 20 + y

    Since there have to be conservation of mass,

    Reactant Mass Number = Product Mass Number

    40 = 39 + x

    x = 40 - 39 = 1

    Reactant Atomic Number = Product Atomic Number

    20 = 20 + y

    y = 20 - 20 = 0

    From our calculations we now know that A has atomic number of 0 and mass number of 1.

    Only the Neutron fits this description.

    The Neutron is; ¹₀n

    Beta particle is ⁰₋₁e, Positron is ⁰₁e, Gamma is ⁰₀γ and Helium is ⁴₂He
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