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23 January, 01:09

Sodium hypochlorite (Na xCl yO z) is the active ingredient in household bleach. A 250.0 g sample of sodium hypochlorite contains 77.2 g sodium, 119.1 g chlorine, and the remainder is oxygen. Calculate the empirical formula of sodium hypochlorite.

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  1. 23 January, 01:35
    0
    The empirical formula is NaClO

    Explanation:

    Step 1: Data given

    Mass of the sample sodium hypochlorite = 250.0 grams

    Mass of sodium = 77.2 grams

    Atomic mass sodium = 22.99 g/mol

    Mass of chlorine = 119.1 grams

    Atomic mass of chlorine = 35.45 g/mol

    Step 2: Calculate moles Na

    Moles Na = 77.2 grams / 22.99 g/mol

    Moles Na = 3.36 moles

    Step 3: Calculate moles chlorine

    Moles Cl = 119.1 grams / 35.45 g/mol

    Moles Cl = 3.36 moles

    Step 4: Calculate mass oxygen

    Mass oxygen = 250.0 grams - 77.2 grams - 119.1 grams

    Mass oxygen = 53.7 grams

    Step 5: Calculate moles O

    Moles O = 53.7 grams / 16.0 g/mol

    Moles O = 3.36 moles

    Step 6: Calculate mol ratio

    We divide by the smallest amount of moles

    Na: 3.36 moles / 3.36 = 1

    Cl: 3.36 moles / 3.36 moles = 1

    O: 3.36 moles / 3.36 moles = 1

    The empirical formula is NaClO
  2. 23 January, 02:49
    0
    Empyrical formula → NaClO

    Explanation:

    To determine the empirical formula of sodium hypochlorite we need the centesimal composition:

    Grams of an element in 100 g of compound.

    77.1 g of Na in 250 g of compound

    119.1 g of Cl in 250 g of compound

    (250g - 119.1g - 77.1g) = 53.8 g of O in 250 g of compound

    We make this rules of three:

    In 250 g of compound we have 77.1 g of Na, 119.1 g of Cl and 53.8 g of O

    In 100 g of compound we must have:

    (77.1. 100) / 250 = 30.84 g of Na

    (119.1. 100) / 250 = 47.64 g of Cl

    (53.8. 100) / 250 = 21.52 g of O

    We divide the mass by the molar mass of each element:

    30.84 g / 23 g/mol = 1.34 mol of Na

    47.64 g / 35.45 g/mol = 1.34 moles of Cl

    21.52 g / 16 g/mol = 1.34 mol of O

    We divide by the lowest value of obtained mol, but in this case, it's the same number for the three of them.

    In conclussion, the empyrical formula for the sodium hypochlorite is: NaClO
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