1. Which people and which geographical areas do you think benefited most from social, technological, and economic change from 1200 to 1500?

2. What environmental and technological factors led Spain and Portugal to explore new trade routes in the Atlantic?

1) I suppose that it would be sensible to consider European to be benefited most from social, technological, and economic change from 1200 to 1500. I think so because during this period of time there was invented a lot of progressive mechanical devices such as water wheels and windmills, even though it was very expensive, the Europe assumed such responsibility and got a nice profit eventually.

2) One of the major environmental and technological factors which led Spain and Portugal to explore new trade routes in the Atlantic was a plan to find a shorter hence more economical trade route. They tried to find a shorter route than rounding Africa.