An elf, a dwarf, a hobbit, a wizard, and a man are sitting in a line. How many different ways can they sit if the elf and the dwarf insist on sitting next to each other?

The number of ways 4 characters can sit = 24 ways

Elf and dwarf can exchange their position between them.

24*2 = 48 ways ...

Step-by-step explanation:

An elf, a dwarf, a hobbit, a wizard, and a man are sitting in a line.

There are total 5 characters in this statement.

If the elf and the dwarf insist on sitting next to each other. Treat elf and dwarf as one unique character, due to they will sit next to each other.

The number of ways 4 characters can sit = 4!

4! = 4*3*2*1 = 24 ways

Multiply 24 by 2 to show that elf and dwarf can exchange their position between them.

24*2 = 48 ways ...