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11 June, 10:37

A scientist launches a 100 g ball from a catapult as part of an experiment. The ball travels at 500 m/s after launch. The catapult weighs 2,000 g and has a slight recoil. Which relationship best describes the recoil of the catapult

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  1. 11 June, 11:29
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    V₂ = - m₁ V₁ / m₂

    Explanation:

    According to law of conservation of momentum, "Total momentum of an isolated system remains constant. i. e

    Pi = Pf

    We consider ball and catapult an isolated system.

    before launching ball momentum of the system is zero.

    After launching ball momentum of ball is:

    Pb = 0.1 * 500 = 50 kg m/s

    Now according to law of conservation of momentum:

    Pf = Pi

    ⇒ Pb + Pc = 0

    Let Pb = m₁ V₁

    & Pc = m₂ V₂

    So

    m₁ V₁ + m₂ V₂ = 0

    ⇒ V₂ = - m₁ V₁ / m₂

    The negative sing shows that catapult velocity will have opposite direction to the ball velocity.
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