What are the freedoms and protections against arbitrary governmental actions given to the people in a democratic society called?

Answer:Civil liberties

Explanation:Civil liberties protect the people from government actions. For example, the First Amendment of the Bill of Rights gives citizens an assurance that they can practice any religion of their choice free from any intervention from the government.

This means government is restricted from exerting it power on one's own freedom of worship because a person has liberty from government's action.

Civil rights, on the other side refers to an action that a government need to take to create conducive situations that promotes equality for all Americans.