2) He was elected President of South Africa in 1994 after spending nearly 30 years in prison for challenging the country's policy of Apartheid, or segregation.

President of South Africa who spent nearly 30 years in prison is Nelson Mandela.

Explanation:

The famous South African president Nelson Mandela was born in July 18, 1918 in Transkei. During his childhood, he lived in a rural area, herding animals, and later attended boarding school. As an adult, he graduated from Law School and began to work as an activist. Mandela spent a total of 27 years in prison for challenging the country's policy of Apartheid - an institutionalized racial segregation that ensured South Africa was dominated by its minority white people. Mandela received a Nobel Prize in 1993, and was elected president in 1994.

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela

Explanation:

Nelson Rolihlahla Mandela was a President of South Africa between 1994 to 1999, known for his anti apartheid movement, he was arrested and sentenced to life imprisonment in 1962 for treason. He spent 27years in prison before he was released in 1990. He later left his presidential position after the first tenure, leaving his deputy to take over. He spent his later years as an elder statesman, with interest in fighting poverty and HIV/AIDS through his Nelson Mandela Foundation.