Which of the following is the first step in the process of management by objectives? a. Reviewing progress regularly b. Collectively selecting goals c. Jointly developing tactical plans d. Discussing possible goals

The correct answer is D: Discuss possible goals

Explanation:

In 1954, Peter Drucker introduced the concept of management by objectives. His aim was to use goals to improve performance of people instead of controlling them. However, middle managers often use MBO for the development and execution of tactical plans. The first step in this process is to discuss possible goals. This is followed by collectively selecting goals consistent with the overall goals of the organization. This is followed by developing tactical plans and lastly reviewing progress.