a study of the salaries of full professors at a small university showed that the average salary for female professors is considerably less than the average male salary. Further investigation shows that the average salaries for the male and female professors are about the same in every department of the univeristy. Which phenomenom explains the reversal in this example?

The phenomenon that explains the reversal is : Simpson's paradox

Explanation:

The Simpson's paradox is the phenomenon that caused the change/reversal in the result of the previous study. and this is due to the change in the weight-age parameters i. e the change between the number of participating parties (increase in the number of department) and also the level of success rate. caused the reversal in result.

Mean is a measure of central tendency (adding up all the salaries of the professors and dividing the result by the number of participating professors) the result will definitely change when the number of participating professors increase or decrease. the results will change