In Song dynasty China, masculine identity came to be defined in terms of

a. archery, horseback riding, and athleticism.

b. the way of the warrior.

c. calligraphy, scholarship, painting, and poetry.

d. weakness, reticence, and delicacy.

C

Explanation:

In the Song dynasty, knowledge was held in a much higher regard than physical attributes. Only the most wealthy families could afford to have their children tutored in the ways of fine arts, and hence the males of those families developed and refined skills in painting, poetry and would usually attract partners by their knowledge, instead of their physical strength.