Which illness is most closely associated with time-temperature abused rice or other starchy foods?

The answer is Bacillus cereus

It is a bacteria responsible for some foodborne illnesses that can be found on rice products, potatoes, and pasta. This can be prevented through time and temperature control. The effect on a person having this kind of bacteria is nausea and diarrhea.

One solution to prevent this is to give the right temperature through right cooling so germs cannot multiply.