How do plants and other organisms capture energy from the sun?

They capture energy from the sun through a process called photosynthesis. This takes the energy from the sun and creates glucose.

Plants algae and bacteria capture sunlight after capturing they use metabolism to convert them in to energy. They do this when electrons get excited and jump off chloroplast into thylakoid membrane, the electrons have to be replaced so they steal them from CO2 and all that is left is oxygen and they release it.