Thyroid hormones exert their effects on cells in a manner similar to steroid hormones; describe the mechanism of action of thyroid hormones (hint: they are an amine hormone).

Thyroid hormones are produced by the thyroid gland and they are responsible for the regulation of metabolism. Deficiency in iodine will result into decrease production of T3 and T4 because they are partially produced of iodine. Binding of thryroid hormone receptor and corepressor molecules to DNA regions called thyroid hormone response element near genes will form a complex (receptor-corepressor-DNA) and this complex will block gene transcription.

However, the binding of triiodothyronine (T3) to the receptor will induce a conformational change in the receptor displacing the corepressor from the complex. This mechanism will result into recruitment of coactivator protein and RNA polymerase.