The amount of time it takes for a cell to progress from stratum basale to stratum corneum is

The answer to this question would be: 14 days.

The skin is consist of keratinized cells that will keep multiplying. The cells start at the stratum basale and will keep moving up changing the old ones until it ends up at the outermost layer of stratum corneum. This process will take time around 2 - 4 weeks.