Distinguish between major classes of biomolecules, proteins, lipids, carbohydrates, nucleic acids?

Proteins (polymers of amino acids)

Carbohydrates (polymers of sugars)

Lipids (polymers of lipid monomers)

Nucleic acids (DNA and RNA; polymers of nucleotides)

Explanation:

Proteins:

Chemical formula is CHON

-NH2 + - COOH + R group

Monomer is Amino acids.

Examples are enzymes, and some hormones.

Uses are Storage; Signals; Structural; Contractile; Defensive; Enzyme; Transport; Receptors.

Lipids:

Chemical formula is C:H:O

Greater than 2:1 H:O (carboxyl group)

Monomer is fatty acid and glycerol.

Examples are butter, oil, cholesterol, beeswax.

Functions are energy storage; Protection; Chemical messengers; Repel water.

Carbohydrates:

Chemical formula is C:H:O

1:2:1

Monomer is monosaccharides.

Examples are Glucose, Fructose, Starch, Glycogen, Cellulose.

Uses are energy storage; structure.

Nucleic Acids:

Chemical formula is CHONP

(pentose, nitrogenous base, phosphate).

Monomer is nucleotides.

Examples are DNA, RNA.

Uses are Genetic information

Biomolecules are made from single subunits, or building blocks, called monomers.

For protein monomers is Amino acid

-NH2 + - COOH + R group

For lipids monomers is:

C:H:O

Greater than 2:1 H:O (carboxyl group)

Fatty acid and glycerol

For carbohydrates monomers is:

Monosaccharides examples are Glucose, Fructose, Starch, Glycogen

For Nucleic acid:

Monomers is:

pentose, nitrogenous base, phosphate

e. g : Nucleotides DNA, RNA