Variations within a species are known as:

families

varieties

speciation

none of these

Variation within a species is known as speciation.

Explanation:

Speciation is a process through which the group of organisms belonging to the same species evolves into slightly distinct species. It happens as a result of the natural selection. These natural selections of species are due to the changes in the habitat due to habitat fragmentation, the introduction of a new niche, and genetic polymorphism. These natural selection of species or natural speciation are of 4 types:

1) Allopatric

2) parapatric

3) peripatric, and

4) sympatric.