Which of the following statements regarding glycolysis is FALSE?

a. Glycolysis does not require compartmentalization by internal membranes.

b. Glycolysis is the most widespread metabolic pathway found in Earth's life.

c. Glycolysis evolved in an oxygen-rich environment.

d. Glycolysis plays a role in both fermentation and respiration.

c. Glycolysis evolved in an oxygen-rich environment.

Explanation:

Glycolysis is the pathway that breaks down glucose into two molecules of pyruvate. It is a common pathway that is performed by both aerobic and anaerobic organisms. In aerobic organisms, glycolysis is followed by Kreb's cycle and electron transport chain. In anaerobic organisms, alcohol or lactic acid fermentation regenerate the NAD + which is required to sustain glycolysis.

Therefore, glycolysis is independent of oxygen availability and can be performed under both aerobic and anaerobic conditions. This means that the pathway of glycolysis evolved under anaerobic conditions.