A woman gets a report of abnormal cells from a routine pap test. She anxiously says to her spouse, "I have cancer. It probably has spread all over my body." Which nursing diagnosis and etiology best apply to this situation?

To be sure, the patient need complementary studies.

Explanation:

In a pap test sometimes the result can be as "abnormal cells" but that does nt mean cancer directly. The doctor need to do a complementary study like a colposcopy to check if the cells are abnormal, and in which are is the damage.

Also the etiology could be due to the papiloma virus, that in most of the cases cause abnormal cells, that lead into cancer. But, in other situations, some other bacteria can be infected the reproductive system and have a false result due to other bacteria like yeast or Trichomonas.

Hope this is useful.