Photosynthesis and respiration are alike in that

they both

(1) require the Sun as a direct source of energy

(2) result in the production of glucose molecules

(3) require specific catalysts

(4) occur within mitochondria

Photosynthesis and respiration are alike in that they both (1) require the Sun as a direct source of energy.

Both photosynthesis and respiration require specific catalyst.

Why not the other answer?

(1) only photosynthesis require the sun as a source of energy, respiration use glucose.

(2) photosynthesis result in the formation of glucose, respiration result in the formation of carbon dioxide.

(3) Only respiration occur in the mitochondria, photosynthesis occur in the stroma of the chloroplast.

Answer is 2 because both of them require specific enzyme and as you know enzymes are biological catalyst.