Select the statements that accurately describe endocytosis.

a. The cell forms proteins that move substances into the cell against a concentration gradient.

b. The cell selectively filters small nutrients through specialized membrane pores.

c. The cell membrane pinches off to form an extracellular vesicle joined to the cell by filaments.

d. The cell membrane engulfs a particle in the cytoplasm and forms a vesicle around it.

e. The cell expends energy to transport materials into the cytosol.

The correct answer is:

The cell membrane engulfs a particle in the cytoplasm and forms a vesicle around it. (d.)

Explanation:

Endocytosis is a type of active transport, where particles such as (large molecules, parts of cells, and even whole cells) are moved into cells.

The various types of endocytosis has a common feature of:

1. invagination of plasma membrane forming pockets around the target particle.

2. the pocket pinches off from original plasma membrane

3. forming a new intracellular vesicle containing the target particle.

The different types of endocytosis includes

a. pinocytosis (cell drinking) : takes in extracellular fluids

b. phagocytosis (cell eating) : large solid particles are taken in by cells

c. receptor-mediated endocytosis: here, receptor proteins on the cells surface, binds to complementary proteins on the surface of the target particles before endocytosis occurs.