Define the laws of segregation and independent assortment. Explain how a Punnett square can illustrate both of these laws.?

Law of segregation states that at the time of the gamete formation, in a pair of the contrasting trait only the single trait will pass down to the next generation so that each gametes receive only one trait.

Law of independent assortment states that the alleles of the different gene will assort independently and do not depend on each other for their segregation.

The punnet square is used for the representation and the calculation of the different phenotype and genotype of the organisms.

Law of segregation can be understand that when an individual makes a gamete, gamete receives one copy a gene in it which is completely random process and can be found in each gamete that later will form in the offspring.

Independent assortment states that the alleles of two or more than two different genes get assorted into gametes, totally independent to one another.

Punnett square is the diagram representation of the prediction of the genotypes of a particular breeding experiment. This predictions are used to the show on the basis of of both the laws stated above. In the punnett square the alleles of each gamete are segregated and represented outside of the box on right side and above the box.

The each inner box is get one copy of the alleles from both the side independently of one other.