Shallow groove on the surface of the cortex is called a

Shallow groove on the surface of the cortex is called sulcus.

Cortex means the outer layer of an inner organ. The outer layer of the cerebrum is called cerebral cortex, where cerebrum occupies the biggest part of the brain. A human being has four lobes of the cerebral cortex which include temporal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and frontal lobe.

Cortex has six layers of different types of neurons which are responsible for higher information processing and thinking. Cerebral cortex controls general movement, behavioural reactions, perception and visceral functions. We term the grooved layer as the brain itself. Cerebral cortex consists of large amounts of sulci and gyri (sulcus and gyri in singular). The number of gyri correlates to the processing ability of the animal. A man has big gyri compared to a rat.