Which statement best explains how tectonic activity affects long-term climate change?

Volcanic eruptions can cause both global warming and global cooling.

The movement of continents changes wind patterns and ocean currents.

The change in Earth's tilt and its orbit around the Sun cause climate change.

The increase of sunspots increases Earth's temperature.

Option B, The movement of continents changes wind patterns and ocean currents.

Explanation:

Movement of tectonic plates indirectly affects the geochemical cycles and thus also affects the atmospheric and oceanic composition and its physical processes.

Movement of plates has following three major climatic impacts

a) Movement of subaerial continents along with the movement of tectonic plates

b) Variations in the albedos (Affects the wind temperature)

c) Variation in thermal and reflective properties of land and ocean

Land mass absorbs nearly 65% of the energy from sun and thus any movement of it will cause release of energy thereby warming the ocean currents. Since ocean currents derive the ocean / sea breezes it can be said that even wind is affected by tectonic shift

The answer is B) The movement of continents changes wind patterns and ocean currents.