Loss of lung tissue elasticity is characteristic of

Emphysema

Explanation:

Emphysema is characterized by the loss of lung tissue elasticity. Normally, lungs are like sponges, they are springy and with small holes. But people with emphysema have tissue damage in the lungs, and the holes are a lot bigger, which affects the elasticity of the lung tissue. Because of the big spaces in between, instead of expelling air, a lot gets trapped in the lungs because it cannot push it out. That's why people with emphysema have shortness of breath because they cannot exhale properly.