The proteins that bind to the dna near regions where gene transcription begins are called the proteins that bind to the dna near regions where gene transcription begins are called homeobox genes. mrna. the gray crescent. transcription factors. promoter genes.

The answer is transcription factors. These proteins bind to the promoter region and either enable the polymerase protein to bind to the promoter and start transcription (enhancers) or inhibit the binding of the polymerase to the promoter hence repress transcription (silencers).