Surgical incision of the abdominal wall and uterus to deliver a fetus is called:

The answeer is cesarean section.

When there are some complications during pregnancy or when some difficulties arise during labor the surgean may recomend or decide to perform a cesaran section to deliver the fetus.

This is not the preferred option for baby birth, given that the natural born is the best for the baby and the mother, but, some circumstances, where the life of the fetus or the life of the mother is in danger, may make cesarean section the best way to deliver the fetus.