A simple change in DNA results in

I believe a simple change in DNA results in Mutation. A mutation is a random spontaneous changes that occur in the genetic make up of an organism (in the DNA sequences). The mutation are either due to mistakes when DNA are being copied or as a result of environmental factors such as UV light and cigarette smokes among other mutagens. Mutations may be either gene mutation (permanent alteration in the DNA sequence that makes up a gene) or chromosomal mutation.