Government's unfunded liabilities: a. result in more efficient policies in an attempt to satisfy these liabilities. b. result from the political bias toward immediate benefits and deferred costs. c. are caused primarily by market failures. d. only occur in democratically elected governments.

The correct answer is B. result from the political bias toward immediate benefits and deferred costs.

Explanation:

While many people run hysterically on the streets begging politicians to act in the face of the threat of climate change, many people, young and old, may be demanding the same type of action, but to fix the unfunded passive systems.

By extending eligibility and increasing the benefits of a pay-per-use system while at the same time having fewer children to finance it, previous generations have left a fearsome financial obligation. Either taxes will increase dramatically for tomorrow's workers, lowering their standard of living, or benefits will fall for tomorrow's retirees, lowering their standard of living. A group will feel very angry.

These problems were anticipated even when politicians were raising payments, but each elected government simply kicked the can and allowed things to continue as usual.

Social security systems and pension funds are actuarially not funded systems. There is no obligation for this generation to have children at the same rate as previous generations. Therefore, when those born in the 1950s reach retirement age in the next century, their stipends will feel more like a burden due to the ranks of non-active members of society that will depend on their contributions to live.