Which of the following is NOT considered a convertible instrument and is indicative of a complex capital structure? a. convertible bonds b. stock options c. warrants d. stock dividend e. None of the answer choices are correct.

e. None of the answer choices are correct.

Explanation:

A capital structure that comprises of those securities which can dilute it's earnings per share to common stockholders, is termed as complex capital structure.

Convertible bonds grant the owners, the right to convert their bonds into stocks, which leads to a dilutive effect on earnings per share for common stock holders.

Similarly, stock options grants a right to employees to purchase company's stock at a rate lower than the market price. This again is dilutive in nature.

Warrants are just like call options but when those are exercised create a dilution effect on the earnings per share of the company. Here the holder gets an option to buy new shares at an exercise price at a future date.

Stock dividends refer to paying common stock holders in the form of additional stock issue rather than paying them cash dividend. Those dilute the stock's price.

Thus, all four lead to a complex capital structure.