11. Why does lithium chloride dissolve in water and not gasoline?

Lithium chloride is an ionic compound

Explanation:

In chemistry it is usually said that like dissolves like. This implies that the intermolecular forces in a solute and its solvent must be similar before effective dissolution can take place.

Lithium chloride is an ionic compound. Ionic compounds consists of ions and only dissolve in polar solvents. They dissolve in polar solvents because of the interaction of the polar solvents with the ions in an ionic compound.

Gasoline is a non polar solvent. Being a nonpolar solvent, it does not interact with the ions in lithium chloride hence gasoline cannot dissolve lithium chloride.