Which statement best describes the trend in atomic radii observed in the periodic table?

1. The atomic radii increase, moving across a period to the right and up in a group.

2. The atomic radii increase, moving across a period to the left and down in a group.

3. The atomic radii increase, moving across a period to the left and up in a group.

4. The atomic radii increase, moving across a period to the right and down in a group.

Answer: The correct answer is Option 2.

Explanation:

Atomic radius of an atom is defined as the total distance from the nucleus to the outermost shell of the atom.

As moving from top to bottom, there is an addition of shell around the nucleus and the outermost shell gets far away from the nucleus and hence, the distance between the nucleus and outermost shell increases. Thus, increasing the atomic radii of the atom.

As moving from left to right in a period, more and more electrons get added up in the same shell and the attraction between the last electron and nucleus increases, which results in the shrinkage of size of an atom. Thus, decreasing the atomic radii of the atom on moving towards right of the periodic table.

Hence, the correct answer is Option 2.

Which statement best describes the trend in atomic radii observed in the periodic table?

The atomic radii increase, moving across a period to the left and down in a group.