Sodium chloride will not dissolve in paraffin oil. Give on word to discribe this observation

A sample of water is taken and kept in a beaker in a freezer at a constant temperature of 0°C. If the system is at dynamic equilibrium, which of these statements is true?

Polarity of the sustances.

Explanation:

Sodium chloride is a polar, inorganic, and ionic compound, while paraffin oil is the opposite, it is an non-polar, organic and molecular compound. The molecular structure of two substances must share common chemical properties to be able to dissolve one in the other.

Sodium chloride as an ionic compound consists of sodium (Na+) and chloride (Cl-) ions joined by an ionic bond to form a charged NaCl solution. However, paraffin molecules do not contain any net charge so they are not reactive. So, NaCl and paraffin oil have different chemical structure which avoid to be dissolved one into another. Then when sodium chloride is added to paraffin oil, no bonds are broken, they do not mix, they remain separate (two phases).

If some solute wants to be soluble in another substance (solvent), the existing bonds in the solute must be broken and new interactions formed with the solvent particles. It does not happen between NaCl and oil, they have different polarity and the following solubility rules do not achive:

a) Non-polar dissolves Non-polar

b) Ionic and Polar dissolve Ionic and Polar