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25 May, 20:10

How is it that when a salt sample dissolves in water, the delta S for the process is positive?

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  1. 25 May, 20:30
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    Answer:-

    Water is highly ordered. In water each oxygen atom is connected to others around it through hydrogen bonding via bridging hydrogen atoms. When a salt like NaCl is dissolved, some of these Hydrogen bonds break.

    When a salt like NaCl dissolves in water, the NaCl breaks in to ions Na + and Cl-.

    The water molecules now surround these ions.

    The slightly negative oxygen end of water molecule gets near the Na+, while the slightly positive Hydrogen of water molecule gets near the Cl-.

    So before salt sample dissolve, the water molecules were highly ordered due to hydrogen bonding. Now after salt dissolve there is a decrease in order and thus an increase in disorder of the water molecules.

    Due to increase in disorder, entropy which is a measure of disorder increases. Since entropy increases, delta S for the process is positive.
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