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28 May, 16:28

Urea CO (NH2) 2 as a solid and water as a gas can be made from the reaction of gaseous carbon dioxide and ammonia. If 12.0g of carbon dioxide reacts with 15.0g of ammonia in a reaction vessel, what is the mole fraction of water vapor in the reaction vessel?

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  1. 28 May, 17:23
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    Urea (CO (NH2) 2) synthesis:

    CO2 + 2NH3 = = = > CO (NH2) 2 + H2O

    Given:

    12.0 grams CO2

    15.0 grams of NH3

    After the reaction:

    moles of CO2 = 12 grams / 44g/mol = 0.27 moles = 0.27/1 = 0.27

    moles of NH3 = 15 grams / 17g/mol = 0.88 moles = 0.88/2 = 0.44

    The limiting reactant is CO2. Thus, we will base our calculations on the amount of CO2 available.

    moles H2O produced = 0.27 moles CO2 * 1 mol / 1 mol = 0.27 moles H2O

    moles Urea produced = 0.27 moles CO2 * 1 mol/1 mol = 0.27 moles Urea

    Total moles in the vessel = excess ammonia + H2O + Urea

    = (0.44 - 0.27) + 0.27 + 0.27

    = 0.71 moles

    The mole fraction of water vapor in the reaction vessel is:

    0.27 moles water vapor / 0.71 moles = 0.38
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