As you recall, the Logic Schematic for Lab2&3 ('Smart ECC Transportation 'Bus' with Robotic Arm: 4-Bit Microcomputer) was very complex and difficult because we used Logic Gates. How would an Arduino UNO Board using an 8-Bit Microcontroller improve or simplify the design and testing? Hint: Mention every experience you had in the Lab2&3 and Imagine if you used Arduino instead.

In the first instance, you had a logic function, which you had derived using some sort of a truth table, then reduced it using K-maps, and finally derived the simplified logic. If you had used logic gates to implement the logic, the result would have been the fact that there were a lot of logic gates used. For example, for a function of 2 variables, we would need 4 AND gates and 1 OR gate. Thus, the resulting circuitry would have looked very complex.

Whereas, if you would use a microcontroller to implement the logic, all you need would be a piece of code to run the logic. There would either be minimum number of gates (or no gates at all, depending on the logic you wanted to implement).

Thus the microcontroller would make the circuit look a lot less complex. Making the design and texting simpler and since there are now fewer components to test. Microcontrollers is that on the same piece of silicon, you could embed a lot more complex logic or program, than using purely digital gates this is another good that comes with Microcontrollers.