Literature reflected the spirit of twentieth century america through its experimentation with new approaches and techniques. This literary movement is called

Answer: Modernism.

Explanation:

Literary modernism (also known as modernist literature) is a literary movement that has its roots in the late 19th and early 20th century. It was largely present in Europe and North America. It is essentially an escape from traditional writing techniques in poetry and prose. Authors that could be considered as representatives of this movement are Ezra Pound, Wallace Stevens, James Joyce, T. S. Elliot, William Carlos Williams, etc.