1) What is meant by the "partition" of India in 1947?

The partition of India is the split of India and the creation of Pakistan, splitting the border, which was made by Radcliffe Line, who disregarded any ethnic or religious differences along the border. This occurred right before the British stepped out of control of India. It occurred because of religious conflict between Hindus and Muslims in India, because of the tension created by the Muslim Mughal Empire. Gandhi opposed the partition.