Birth Rate in 2017 (per 1,000 population) Death Rate in 2017 (per 1,000 population)

Latin America 17 6

West Africa 39 11

Western Europe 10 10

Deaths in Country A often occur due to outbreaks of epidemic disease, while in Country B most people are dying from chronic disorders such as heart disease. Which of the following best describes where these countries fall in the demographic transition model and in which region they are likely located?

Country A (Latin America) stage 2, Country B (West Africa) stage 1, Country C (Western Europe) stage 4.

Explanation:

Country A (Latin America) is in stage 2, at this stage the, living condition of people started to improve due to better and regular diet, better medical and sanitation facilities leading to fall in the death rate. However, the birth rate will continue to be on the increase.

Country B (West Africa) is in stage 1, At this stage, birth rates are very high due to universal and early marriages, widespread prevalence of illiteracy, traditional social beliefs and customs, absence of knowledge about family planning techniques, attitudes towards children for supplementing family income etc. However, the death rates are also high due to insufficient diets and absence of adequate medical and sanitation facilities.

Country C (Western Europe) is in stage 4. The fourth stage of demographic transition is characterized by a low birth rate and a low death rate of population, leading to a stationary population. It is, therefore, known as the stage of stationary population where both the birth rate and death rate remain at a low level leading to a very little growth in population.