Executive and legislative power are divided between different offices in the system

What you are describing is the system of checks and balances.

In the United States there is a system of checks and balances. In our federal government, we have three different branches including the executive, legislative, and judicial. In our system, the executive branch consists of the president while the legislative branch consists of the Senate and House of Representatives. These different branches all have the ability to check the other branches. This ensures that no one branch or individual will gain too much power.