Throughout the 19th Century, which Asian countries economy was controlled by numerous European Powers?

"In the 19th century, three factors changed the Asian monetary system forever: the globalization of trade, colonization, and inflation. The growth of international trade in the 19th century led to increasing contact-much of it violent-between cultures. The Opium War (1839-1842) between Britain and China was the violent resolution of a protracted trade dispute. Similarly, the opening of Japan by Commodore Perry's Black Fleet in 1853 showed how merchants could undermine the authority of traditional monarchies. The demand for payment in silver trade dollars forced countries throughout Asia to mint coins conforming to western size and weight standards. Many dollars entered Asia from the United States, Mexico, and Peru. These coins were often countermarked and were melted down and re-issued."