How did debates over political values such as democracy, freedom and citizenship contribute to ideological clashes during Reconstruction?

Answer / Explanation:

First let us define Ideological clashes: This is a type of war that is between ideas and principles of some group of people. These are majorly ideas the ideas that guide the way they live their life daily.

Now referring back to the question asked,

Sequel to when northern voters rejected Johnson's policies in the congressional elections in 1866, Republicans in Congress took strong hold of Reconstruction in the South. The following March, Congress passed the Reconstruction Act of 1867 which temporarily divided the South into five military districts and outlined how governments based on universal (male) suffrage were to be organized. The law also required southern states to ratify the 14th Amendment, which broadened the definition of citizenship, granting "equal protection" of the Constitution to former slaves, before they could rejoin the Union.

However,

In 1867, in the aftermath of a series of bloody conflicts, Congress established an Indian Peace Commission, composed of soldiers and civilians, to recommend a new and presumably permanent Indian policy. The commission recommended replacing the "concentration" policy with a plan to move all the Plains Indians into two large reservations-one in Indian Territory (Oklahoma), the other in the Dakotas. At a series of meetings with the tribes, government agents cajoled, bribed, and tricked representatives of the Arapaho, Cheyenne, Sioux, and other tribes into agreeing to treaties establishing the new reservations.