Why did European leaders start to introduce social reforms at the end of the nineteenth and the

beginning of the twentieth centuries?

Answer: the main reason and objective was to eliminate social conflict

Explanation:

European societies were no longer divided in 3 states as before the French revolution. Masses were entering the world of politics and they were participating in the public affairs. Political leaders were aware of their importance and they wanted them to be not against them but with them. The same could be said about big businessmen and capitalists. They wanted satisfied citizens and revolutionaries and anarchists or communists.