How did the factory system begin, and what were its social consequences?

The factory system began due to industrial revolution of 18th century. establishment of industries gave rise to factory system. It had many social consequences.

Explanation:

It was an industrial revolution that gave rise to the factory system. It brought about a drastic change in the method of working. Earlier simple machines were used to manufacture the goods but under the factory system, water power and steam engines were used for weaving cloth.

The Factory system gave rise to mass production. This system had many social consequences also as workers move from rural areas to cities. This made the cities overcrowded and poor sanitary conditions for workers. Since unskilled jobs were performed by men, women, and children equally so wages remain at the minimum level.