How did the institution of slavery continue to affect the world even after it was abolished?

Answer: It created lasting inequality in the Americas

The institution of slavery still affects the world because it was abolished on paper above all, but the implementation of a society without it has fallen short, mostly due the root hasn't been fully eradicated.

What mostly motivates slavery is lack of empathy, entitlement, cruelty and impunity, followed by other circumstances such as misinformation, negligence, complicity, income inequality, corruption and propaganda,

Labor exploitation, mass incarceration, sexual abuse networks, civil clashes and organized crime might be branches of that stem still afflicting the world these days.

The cracks slavery opened in society have not been healed; reparations are required to be done in order to even the ground on which a healthy new society shall emerge.

Tackling the roots massively might cause the branches fall apart and eventually vanish.