3. How does Italy become a country ... ?

Italy gains Trentino, South Tyrol, and Trieste from Austria-Hungary under the post-war peace treaties, but Italy was formed far long before this 17 March 1861 It became part of Italy within the year prior, following the Expedition of the Thousand. Sicily was also part of a special treaty which was given special status in recent years 1946. Language for one example is Rome dialect but generations within families has always stayed Greek language and Roman rulers respected this.