The period of Catholic revival beginning with the Council of Trent and ending at the close of the Thirty Years' War was known as

A) the Counter Reformation.

B) the Lutheran Revolution.

C) the Glorious Revolution.

D) the Protestant Reformation.

Answer: A) The Counter-Reformation

Explanation:

The Catholic Reformation or Counter-Reformation in the 1500s was an effort by the Roman Catholic Church to strengthen itself in response to the Protestant Reformation.

The Roman Catholic Church responded to the Protestant Reformation in the 16th century in a number of ways intended to strengthen its own stance and its hold on church power. The Counter-Reformation or Catholic Reformation included a number of features, such as:

The formation of religious orders that aimed to build allegiance to Rome and the papacy, and to educate people in Catholic teaching. The Society of Jesus, known as the Jesuits for short, was a key order of this sort. The order was founded by Ignatius of Loyola in 1534, along with Francis Xavier and several others. The Council of Trent served to reform some abuses that were acknowledged by the Catholic Church, but mostly to assert the full authority of Roman power and doctrine over the Protestant threat. The Council of Trent held meetings over a span of years from 1545 to 1563. The Roman Inquisition was founded in 1542 to act as an investigative body in regard to threats to Rome's teachings. About a century later, Galileo would be one of the most famous persons tried by the Roman Inquisition.