What was the American system and why did the south hate it? John Quincy Adams and Andrew Jackson

The American system had three parts. The tariff to protect American industries/raise revenues, the creation of one United States bank to stabilize currency and the economy, and using funds raised by the tariff to fund things like roads and canals.

The southern states were completely dominated by plantations that produced cash crops for export they gained less from internal improvements, roads and canals, as the bulk of things they produced were shipped by river to coastal ports etc.